Crying Bunny: Epiphora in Rabbits

Crying Bunny: Epiphora in Rabbits

"Epiphora" is a medical term for excessive tear production or overflow of tears onto the face. In rabbits, this is a common clinical sign that owners should not overlook, as it often indicates underlying health issues.

Causes of Epiphora in Rabbits
The causes can be broadly categorized into two main groups:

1. Overproduction of Tears (Hypersecretion) This occurs when the eye is irritated, causing the tear glands to produce more fluid than normal. Common causes include:

Irritants: Dust from hay, smoke, or strong chemical odors.
Infections: Bacterial or viral conjunctivitis (eye infection).
Corneal Ulcers: Scratches on the surface of the eye caused by hay, bedding, or fighting with other rabbits.
Entropion: A condition where the eyelid folds inward, causing eyelashes to rub against the eyeball.
2. Blockage of the Tear Drainage System (Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction) Normally, tears drain through a small tube called the nasolacrimal duct, which leads from the eye to the nose. If this path is blocked, tears will overflow.

Dental Problems (Most Common): The roots of a rabbit's upper incisors and cheek teeth are located very close to the nasolacrimal duct. If the teeth are overgrown or the roots become inflamed/elongated, they can press against or block the duct.
Inflammation or Infection within the Duct: Thick discharge (pus) from an infection can clog the narrow passage.
Rhinitis: Inflammation of the nasal cavity (snuffles) can cause swelling that blocks the exit of the duct in the nose.
Symptoms to Watch For
Constant wetness or staining around the eyes.
Matting of the fur under the eyes.
Hair loss (alopecia) or skin irritation/redness in the area where tears overflow (Tear Scald).
Thick, white, or yellow discharge (if infected).
Squinting or frequent blinking.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If you notice your rabbit has watery eyes, a veterinarian will typically perform the following:

Eye Examination: Checking for ulcers using a special dye (Fluorescein stain) or looking for foreign bodies.
Duct Flushing: The vet may attempt to flush the nasolacrimal duct with a saline solution to clear blockages or check for patency.
Dental X-rays: Since dental disease is a primary cause, X-rays are crucial to see if tooth roots are interfering with the tear duct.
Medication: Depending on the cause, the vet may prescribe antibiotic eye drops, anti-inflammatory medication, or systemic antibiotics.
Prevention
Maintain good dental health by providing unlimited high-quality grass hay.
Keep the environment clean and dust-free.
Regular health check-ups with an exotic pet veterinarian.

Note: This translation is provided for informational purposes. If your rabbit is showing these symptoms, please consult a veterinarian immediately for proper diagnosis and treatment.