Nasal Airway Obstruction in Prairie Dogs due to Pseudo-odontomas

Nasal Airway Obstruction in Prairie Dogs due to Pseudo-odontomas
By: Dr. Supawan  (Dr. Panda)

Introduction: Pseudo-odontomas (often referred to as elodontomas) are a common and serious dental issue in Prairie Dogs. This condition involves the abnormal overgrowth of the roots of the incisor teeth (front teeth), which can eventually lead to the obstruction of the nasal passages.

Key Points of the Article:

Cause and Pathogenesis:

Prairie dogs have "elodont" teeth, meaning their teeth grow continuously throughout their lives.
Repetitive trauma to the incisors (such as chewing on wire cages), lack of appropriate wearing down of teeth (insufficient hay/fiber), or metabolic bone disease can cause the tooth roots to grow backwards into the skull.
This abnormal root growth (pseudo-odontoma) compresses the nasal cavity, making it difficult for the animal to breathe.
Clinical Signs (Symptoms):

Respiratory Distress: Labored breathing, mouth breathing (which is abnormal for prairie dogs as they are obligate nasal breathers).
Stridor: Noisy breathing or whistling sounds from the nose.
Nasal Discharge: Chronic discharge or sneezing.
Weight Loss: Difficulty eating due to breathing struggles.
Eye Problems: Bulging eyes (exophthalmos) or discharge if the root growth affects the tear ducts or eye sockets.
Diagnosis:

Physical Examination: Checking the alignment and health of the incisors.
Radiography (X-rays): To visualize the extent of the root overgrowth into the nasal passage.
CT Scan: The most effective method to see the detailed structure of the skull and the degree of obstruction.
Treatment Options:

Surgical Extraction: Removing the affected incisors and their overgrown roots. This is a complex surgery.
Rhinostomy: In some cases, creating a permanent opening into the nasal cavity to allow the animal to breathe.
Supportive Care: Pain management, nebulization, and specialized diets (recovery diets) to maintain strength.
Prevention:

Provide a proper diet high in fiber (timothy hay) to ensure natural tooth wear.
Avoid cages with wire bars that the prairie dog might chew on; use solid-sided enclosures if necessary.
Regular dental check-ups with an exotic pet veterinarian.

ภาวะการอุดตันช่องทางเดินหายใจของโพรงจมูกในแพรี่ด็อก เนื่องจาก Pseudo-dontomas

โดย สพ.ญ. ศุภวรรณ ไตรพินิจกุล (หมอแพนด้า)